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50 Centavos "Las Dos Estrellas" mining company

Issuer Compañía Minera "Las Dos Estrellas"
Year 1914
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Shape Rectangular
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Reverse description The reverse is printed in black and displays the numeral denomination within a central guilloche vignette of irregular cartouche form, set against a fine lathe-work underprint that covers the entire field. The denomination is rendered as "50" with a cent symbol, centered within the ornate cartouche.
Reverse lettering 50₵
(Translation: 50 Cents)
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Las Dos Estrellas was a silver and gold mine operating in El Oro, State of Mexico, and during the Revolutionary period its management issued scrip to pay workers when federal currency became unreliable or simply unavailable. These emergency emission notes circulated exclusively within the company's own economic orbit — the tienda de raya, the company store system that effectively kept miners indebted and captive to the operation.

The Revolutionary years produced hundreds of such private issues across Mexico, most printed hastily and on poor stock. Survival rates vary sharply depending on whether the issuing company collapsed before redemption.