5 Yuan Maojgungs Liutungkyan

The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area was the administrative heartland of the Chinese Communist Party during the Yan'an period, and the trade companies operating there issued their own currency partly to counter Nationalist economic blockades that restricted the flow of goods and standard currency into the region. These border area notes functioned as a parallel monetary system, circulating alongside — and often in competition with — Nationalist fabi.

By 1945, the border area authorities had years of experience printing their own instruments, but paper and ink quality remained constrained by the blockade. Surviving examples frequently show uneven impression and thin stock, which reflects production conditions rather than post-issue wear.