5 Réis - João V Goa mint

João V came to the throne in 1706 inheriting a Estado da India in slow structural decline — Goa's commercial dominance already undermined by the Dutch, its mint increasingly tasked with supplying small-denomination copper for local transactions that Portuguese silver wouldn't reach. The Goa mint had an irregular operating history, frequently suspended when copper supply or royal authorization lapsed, making output from any single year difficult to quantify with confidence.

The Gomes reference places this firmly in the early João V Goan series, a group notorious among collectors for casting and flan irregularities endemic to the mint's equipment and local production methods.