5 Pesos La Provincia de Buenos Ayres

The Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires was the oldest bank in Argentina and one of the most financially powerful provincial institutions in Latin America during the 1870s. This note was issued during a period of acute tension between the province and the national government — Buenos Aires had only been federalized as the national capital in 1880, and in 1876–77 the province was still operating as a semi-autonomous financial power with its own currency infrastructure.

The American Bank Note Company contract reflects the bank's longstanding preference for New York engraving over European alternatives, a relationship that dated back to earlier provincial note series and continued well into the following decade.