5 Pesos Francisco J. Múgica

Francisco J. Múgica was one of the most radical delegates at the 1917 Constitutional Convention in Querétaro, pushing successfully for Article 123 — the sweeping labor rights provision that became a model for social legislation across Latin America. He was also instrumental in drafting Article 27, which laid the legal groundwork for the eventual nationalization of Mexico's oil industry in 1938, a move he lived to see carried out under his close ally Lázaro Cárdenas.