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5 Pesos
| Issuer | Mindanao Emergency Currency Board |
|---|---|
| Year | 1943-1945 |
| Type | Emergency banknote |
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| Obverse description | The face is framed by a bold typographic border with foliate corner ornaments and numeral '5' cartouches at each corner, all printed in black letterpress. At left-center, a circular red seal of the Commonwealth of the Philippines bearing an eagle and shield is the dominant design element, accompanied by three red manuscript signatures of the Board Chairman and two Members below the central text block. The denomination 'FIVE PESOS' and the issuing authority 'MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD' are set in large display type at center, with the series designation 'CC' and serial number in red at upper right. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | ISSUED BY THE MINDANAO EMERGENCY CURRENCY BOARD PHILIPPINES FIVE PESOS THIS NOTE IS REDEEMABLE AT FACE VALUE AFTER THE EMERGENCY AND WILL NOT BE DEVALUATED OR DISCRIMINATED AGAINST KINING SAPIA KAILISAN SUMALA SA IYANG BILI TAPUS ANG KAGUBUT UG DILI KAKUBSAN NI KAAYRAN COUNTERFEITING OF THIS NOTE WILL BE SEVERELY PUNISHED MABUG-AT NGA SILOT IPAHAMTANG SA MAGA KAWAT PAG SUNDOG R-NG SAPIA |
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| Comments |
The Mindanao Emergency Currency Board was one of several provincial bodies authorized by the Philippine government-in-exile framework to issue guerrilla currency during the Japanese occupation. These notes circulated in direct competition with Japanese Military Pesos, which the local population largely distrusted and, where possible, refused. Acceptance of guerrilla notes was itself an act of resistance — possession could bring severe consequences under occupation authorities.
Mindanao's geography, with its mountainous interior and dispersed population, made central supply lines difficult for Japanese forces to fully control, which is precisely why guerrilla currency survived longer there than in Luzon.