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5 Pesos
| Issuer | Banco del Estado / Estado Soberano del Cauca |
|---|---|
| Year | 1886-1887 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Shape | Rectangular |
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| Obverse description | Issued by the Estado Soberano del Cauca through the Banco del Estado, the obverse bears two oval portrait vignettes flanking central text, with the Colombian coat of arms at left within a guilloche border panel inscribed ESTADOS UNIDOS DE COLOMBIA. The central panel carries the denomination CINCO PESOS in bold letterpress with the promise text al portador a la vista en moneda corriente, dated Popayán 1886. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
| Reverse description | The reverse is printed in a single dark tone with an elaborate geometric guilloche lattice pattern filling the entire field, large numeral 5 vignettes at each corner. A central rectangular panel with floral vine borders contains a signature line above the text EL CAJERO, and a dark rectangular handstamp is applied at lower right. |
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| Comments |
The Estado Soberano del Cauca was one of nine sovereign states under Colombia's 1863 Rionegro Constitution — a federalist experiment that gave individual states the right to charter their own banks and issue currency. The Banco del Estado operated out of Popayán, the regional capital, and printed its own notes locally rather than contracting a foreign security printer, which was unusual for the period and explains the relatively crude execution compared to contemporaneous Colombian issues from Bogotá or Medellín.
By 1886, the federalist system was collapsing. Rafael Núñez's centralist Regeneración movement was dismantling state sovereignty, and the new constitution of that same year abolished the estados soberanos entirely. Notes issued in 1886–1887 were circulating into the death of the very political authority that backed them.