5 Mazunas - Abd al-Aziz Birmingham Mint

Abd al-Aziz was the Alaoui sultan whose reign coincided with Morocco's final decades of independence before the 1912 protectorate. The Birmingham Mint — operated by Ralph Heaton & Sons — won contracts across the colonial and semi-colonial world during this period, and Moroccan bronze coinage was among its more substantial commissions. These mazuna issues were struck in England rather than at any Moroccan facility, a commercial arrangement that quietly signaled how thoroughly foreign industrial capacity had displaced local monetary production.