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5 Kreuzer - Charles Theodor

Issuer Palatinate
Year 1765-1766
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Value 5 Kreuzers (1⁄24)
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Obverse lettering CAR. THEOD. D. G. C. P. R. S. R. I. A. T. & EL.
Reverse description Crowned tripartite coat of arms of the Palatinate, flanked by laurel branches on either side. The date is divided and appears at the top of the design, separated by the crown. A legend below references the fine mark silver standard, indicating the coin's weight relationship to the Cologne mark.
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Charles Theodor ruled the Electorate of the Palatinate from Mannheim, and his billon small-denomination issues of the mid-1760s reflect the chronic silver shortage that plagued the fragmented German states throughout this period. Billon coinage — debased silver alloyed heavily with copper — was the pragmatic solution for fractions too small to strike in fine silver without producing coins too thin to survive handling.

Charles Theodor would later inherit Bavaria in 1777, a succession that proved deeply unpopular and triggered the War of the Bavarian Succession against Frederick the Great.

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