5 Francs - Jean

The Luxembourg Monetary Institute, rather than the Grand Duchy itself, served as the issuing authority for this series — a consequence of Luxembourg's long-standing monetary union with Belgium, which technically precluded the Grand Duchy from acting as an independent central bank. That arrangement, formalized in 1921 and restructured repeatedly over the decades, meant Luxembourg maintained only limited autonomous monetary infrastructure until the arrival of the euro effectively rendered the question moot.

The CuAlNi alloy used here was adopted partly to resist the corrosive effects of Luxembourg's industrial environment, where coinage circulated heavily in steel and mining communities.