5 Euros Pope John XXI, .925 Silver

Pope John XXI is the only Portuguese pope in history, elected in 1276 as Pedro Julião — a physician and philosopher who had taught at the University of Siena and whose medical treatise Thesaurus Pauperum circulated widely across medieval Europe. His pontificate lasted less than nine months; he died in May 1277 when the ceiling of his newly built private study at Viterbo collapsed on him while he slept.

The 2005 date places this issue within a broader INCM commemorative series revisiting Portuguese historical figures, timed loosely around national heritage programming rather than any specific Julião anniversary.