5 ECU BeNeLux Charlotte

The BeNeLux ECU series emerged from a joint initiative between Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg to issue commemorative coinage denominated in European Currency Units ahead of the euro's eventual introduction. Luxembourg's 1994 contribution honored Grand Duchess Charlotte, who had led the country's government-in-exile from London during the German occupation and became one of the most consequential figures in modern Luxembourgish history.

Charlotte abdicated in 1964 in favor of her son Jean, having reigned for 45 years.