5 Dollars The Commercial Bank of Columbia

The Commercial Bank of Columbia was chartered in South Carolina in 1833 and operated until the Civil War effectively ended private banknote circulation in the state. By 1856, antebellum South Carolina had over a dozen competing chartered banks issuing their own notes, and redemption reliability varied considerably — the Commercial Bank of Columbia maintained a generally sound reputation for specie payment through most of its operating life.

Haxby G2 designations indicate a genuine-issue note rather than a remainder or proof, meaning this example entered actual circulation. Columbia's position as the state capital made the bank a significant clearing point for upcountry commerce.