5 Dollars - Elizabeth II Hudson's Bay Company

Hudson's Bay Company, chartered by Charles II in 1670, is the oldest surviving commercial enterprise in North America — and one of the few companies in history to have administered a territory larger than most nations. At its peak, HBC controlled Rupert's Land, roughly 3.9 million square kilometres draining into Hudson Bay, operating under a monopoly that Parliament didn't formally dissolve until 1870.

The Royal Canadian Mint has issued numerous HBC commemoratives tied to that 1670 charter date, making this a crowded series. Collectors should verify the specific theme against RCM#177876 to distinguish it from adjacent issues in the same program.