5 Dollars - Elizabeth II 4th portrait, Maple Leaf Emerald

The Maple Leaf bullion series has been struck at .9999 fineness since 1989 — finer than most sovereign bullion coins of its era — a specification the Royal Canadian Mint adopted partly as a commercial challenge to the South African Krugerrand's dominance in the international bullion market. The colored emerald variant issued in 2010 belongs to a short run of privy-marked and selectively colored collector issues that the Mint introduced to differentiate retail product lines without altering the underlying bullion specification.

Mintage on colored Maple Leaf issues from this period was tightly controlled relative to the standard bullion strikes, which routinely exceeded several million pieces annually.