5 Dollars - Elizabeth II 3 May 1791 Polish Constitution

The Constitution of 3 May 1791 was the first codified national constitution in the world after the United States — a fact Poles have contested diplomatically for two centuries. Drafted in secret to prevent conservative Sejm members from blocking it, the document was passed in a single session while many opponents were conveniently absent from Warsaw. Russia viewed it as an existential threat, and within fourteen months had invaded. Poland was partitioned out of existence by 1795.

Niue has issued gold in this weight class consistently for commemorative Polish historical subjects, the coins finding their primary market in the Polish collector diaspora rather than the Pacific island itself.