5 Céntimos Villanueva de Castellón

One of several hundred municipal emergency emissions that flooded the Republican zone after the July 1936 military uprising disrupted the national coin supply. The Banco de España's peseta coinage — particularly the copper-nickel and silver fractions used for everyday transactions — disappeared almost immediately through hoarding, melting, and disrupted minting, leaving municipalities scrambling to produce their own fractional substitutes.

Villanueva de Castellón, a small agricultural town in Valencia province, produced this card-stock piece as functional small change. The official stamp was the issuing authority's primary anti-counterfeiting measure — rudimentary by any standard, but adequate for purely local circulation.