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5 Céntimos Puerto de Sagunto, Panificadora Socializada
| Issuer | Panificadora Socializada de Puerto de Sagunto |
|---|---|
| Year | 1937 |
| Type | Emergency banknote |
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| Obverse description | Plain light-grey card stock with all text typeset in black letterpress. The issuer's name 'Panificadora Socializada' appears in bold display type across the top, separated from 'PUERTO DE SAGUNTO' by a pair of parallel rules with a small diagonal-line block at left. The promise of payment 'DEBE al portador' is set in the centre, with the large numeral '5' and the word 'céntimos' forming the denomination below. An oval validation handstamp in blue-violet ink, bearing the C.N.T. trade-union legend and the locality name, is applied over the centre of the note. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Entirely unprinted reverse of plain light-grey fibrous card stock, with no text, vignette, or overprint of any kind. |
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| Comments |
Puerto de Sagunto was a Republican-held industrial town in Valencia during the Spanish Civil War, and like dozens of municipalities and collectives, it issued its own emergency fractional currency when coinage disappeared from circulation entirely — hoarded, melted, or simply gone. The Panificadora Socializada was a collectivized bakery, one of many enterprises brought under anarchist or socialist worker control in the Republican zone after July 1936. That a bread collective was printing its own money is not unusual for the period; what is notable is that it functioned as a de facto local scrip, redeemable presumably within the collective's own commercial network.
These small-denomination vales were printed on card rather than banknote paper, which means survivors are frequently creased or edge-worn from pocket use.