5 Céntimos Graus

Graus is a small town in the Ribagorza comarca of Aragon, and like hundreds of Spanish municipalities during the Civil War, its local council issued emergency fractional currency when Republican-zone coinage simply vanished from circulation — hoarded, melted, or lost to wartime disruption. These municipal issues, collectively catalogued under the broader *billetes de necesidad* literature, were produced locally with whatever printing resources existed: often a single-color press, sometimes a rubber stamp over plain stock.

The Gari Mon reference places this firmly in the specialist Aragonese catalogue rather than the more widely held Catalan or Valencian series. Low-denomination municipal notes from small Aragonese towns were rarely issued in large quantities, and survival rates are poor — wartime paper, crude production, and the collapse of Republican administration in Aragon following Franco's 1938 offensive all contributed.