5 Céntimos Cornudella de Montsant

Cornudella de Montsant is a small wine-producing municipality in the Priorat comarca of Tarragona. Like hundreds of Catalan and Aragonese towns during the Spanish Civil War, it issued its own fractional currency in 1937 when Republican-zone coin shortages became acute — silver and copper had been hoarded, melted, or simply disappeared from circulation. These municipal emergency notes, collectively catalogued by Amadeu Turró, were produced in enormous variety but almost always tiny print runs, often on whatever paper stock the local council could source.

Survival rates vary sharply by municipality. Smaller, more isolated towns frequently printed fewer notes and destroyed surpluses after the war ended badly for the Republic.