5 Céntimos Castellgalí

Castellgalí is a small municipality in the Bages comarca of Catalonia, and like hundreds of similarly sized towns during the Spanish Civil War, it issued its own emergency fractional currency when Republican Spain's small-denomination coinage effectively disappeared from circulation — hoarded, melted, or simply not replaced fast enough to meet demand. These local emissions, generically called "moneda local" or "paper moneda," were authorized under a 1936 decree from the Generalitat de Catalunya, which gave municipal councils the legal cover to print what the central system could not provide.

At 40 × 31 mm, this is among the smallest format notes produced anywhere in the conflict — barely larger than a postage stamp, printed on card stock rather than banknote paper precisely because dedicated currency paper was not available to a village council in 1937.