5 Céntimos Agramunt

Agramunt is a small town in the Lleida province of Catalonia, and like hundreds of Spanish municipalities it was forced to issue its own fractional paper currency during the Civil War after the Republican government's coin shortage left commerce effectively paralysed at street level. These local emergency issues — known as *bitllets locals* or *moneda de paper municipal* — were produced under desperate improvised conditions, often by whatever printer happened to exist in town. Imprenta Miquel Pera was exactly that: a local print shop pressed into monetary service.

The thick card stock was a practical necessity, not an aesthetic choice — thin paper disintegrated too quickly under daily handling in markets and small shops.