5.000 Yuan

By 1948, the Bank of Taiwan had severed its currency from the collapsing Nationalist Chinese financial system on the mainland — this note belongs to that brief window of managed separation before the full-scale retreat of the KMT government to the island in 1949 brought an entirely new monetary pressure. The bank had been reconstituted under ROC authority after Japan's 1945 surrender, inheriting the infrastructure of the wartime Nippon Ginko-backed institution.

The high denomination reflects accelerating inflationary pressure that would ultimately force the June 1949 currency reform, replacing the old Taiwan Yuan at 40,000-to-1 with the New Taiwan Dollar.