5.000 Pesos

The Banco y Casa de Moneda del Estado de Buenos Ayres occupied a peculiar constitutional position: it was the state bank of Buenos Aires province, not of Argentina as a whole, because Buenos Aires had seceded from the Argentine Confederation in 1852 after Urquiza's defeat of Rosas at Caseros. This note circulates entirely within that separatist interval — Buenos Aires operated as an independent state until 1861, running its own treasury and currency without reference to the Confederation's authorities in Paraná.

At this denomination, practical daily use was unlikely. Five thousand pesos moneda corriente in 1857 was a substantial commercial sum, placing these firmly in mercantile and institutional transactions rather than retail circulation.