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5 000 Mark Steinkohlenbergwerk Gewerkschaft Neumühl
| Issuer | Steinkohlenbergwerk Gewerkschaft Neumühl (Zeche Neumühl), Hamborn |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
| Type | Local banknote |
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| Obverse description | Yellow-ochre guilloche underprint on pale paper with a blue letterpress text layer. The denomination 'Fünftausend Mark' is set in large Gothic blackletter script at centre, above a payment clause stating that the cashier of Zeche Neumühl in Hamborn will pay the bearer in German Reichswährung, dated Hamborn, den 16. August 1923. The issuer's name 'Steinkohlenbergwerk Gewerkschaft Neumühl' appears below, followed by 'Die Verwaltung:' and two manuscript signatures; a detachable right-hand stub carries the series letter and serial number in vertical orientation, with a circular violet cancellation stamp. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse lettering | Fünftausend Mark |
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| Comments |
Zeche Neumühl was a hard coal mine in Hamborn — now part of Duisburg — and like hundreds of industrial concerns across Germany in 1923, it was printing its own emergency money because the Reichsbank simply could not supply currency fast enough to meet payroll. The hyperinflation peaked so rapidly that wages had to be paid in whatever denominations a company could produce locally, often within days of printing.
Mine-issued notgeld from the Ruhr carries particular weight given that 1923 was also the year of the Franco-Belgian occupation of the region, which directly accelerated the currency collapse.