5.000 Chachos (=5.000 Pesos)

La Rioja's "Chacho" quasi-currency is one of the more politically charged provincial bond experiments in recent Argentine history. Quintela's government revived and expanded the series under fiscal pressure, with the Chacho — named for 19th-century caudillo Ángel Vicente Peñaloza — functioning as a salary supplement and tax-offset instrument rather than a convertible banknote. The 5,000-denomination note reflects the inflationary adjustment the series underwent as Argentina's peso continued to collapse in real terms through the early 2020s.

Polymer substrate and QR integration place this squarely in the modern provincial bond revival — several Argentine provinces have issued or re-issued similar instruments since 2023. Whether courts will ultimately treat these as legal tender substitutes or illegal parallel currencies remains genuinely unresolved.