4000 Reales de Vellón Banco de Cádiz

The Banco de Cádiz was one of Spain's earliest provincial banks of issue, chartered in 1846 under the banking legislation that briefly allowed regional institutions to circulate their own notes before the Banco de España eventually absorbed that privilege. This 4000 Reales de Vellón note dates to the bank's first full year of operation — a denomination pitched at the merchant class in a port city whose commercial wealth was still built on Atlantic trade.

The bank collapsed in 1874. Surviving notes from the 1847 series are genuinely rare; most were either redeemed or lost in the disorder surrounding the liquidation.