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4 Zecchini - Antonio Manoel de Vilhena

Issuer Order of Malta (Knights of St. John)
Year 1724-1725
Type Standard circulation coin
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Reverse script Latin
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Edge Reeded
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Additional information

Vilhena's grand mastership (1722–1736) coincided with a period of relative stability for the Order after decades of Ottoman pressure, and his minting program reflected that confidence — large-denomination gold issues struck in nearly pure metal, intended as much for prestige exchange as everyday commerce. The 4 Zecchini was the heaviest gold denomination regularly produced at the Valletta mint.

The Zecchino denomination derives directly from the Venetian Zecchino — the ducat — adopted by the Order as a recognizable high-value trading coin acceptable across Mediterranean ports. Vilhena himself was Portuguese, the last Grand Master of that nationality, appointed over considerable internal opposition from French factions within the Order.

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