4 Pfennigs - Frederick William

Frederick William, the Great Elector, spent much of his reign rebuilding Brandenburg-Prussia's shattered economy after the Thirty Years' War left the territory depopulated and its currency debased beyond function. Small billon pieces like this circulated alongside a chaotic mixture of foreign and locally struck coins, many of wildly varying silver content. The elector's monetary reforms of the 1670s attempted to impose order on this mess, though enforcement across fragmented territorial mints was uneven at best.

KM#466 spans over a decade of production, suggesting continuous demand for petty coinage rather than a single focused issue.