4 Pfennig

Historical Context: Issued in 1714 by the Cathedral Chapter of Münster, this 4 Pfennig reflects the complex political landscape of the Holy Roman Empire. Münster was an ecclesiastical principality under Prince-Bishop Franz Arnold von Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht (1706-1718). The chapter, an autonomous body, exercised its Münzrecht, underscoring its significant temporal and economic authority. Such small copper denominations were vital for local commerce, supporting the regional economy during a period of ongoing fiscal challenges.

Artistry: The design of this 4 Pfennig is characteristic of utilitarian coinage from the early 18th century, prioritizing clarity. While a specific engraver is typically unrecorded for low denominations, the style aligns with the late Baroque aesthetic in a simplified form. The obverse likely features the arms of the Cathedral Chapter, possibly combined with those of Prince-Bishop Franz Arnold. The reverse displays the denomination '4 PFENNIG' and the date '1714', often within a circular legend, emphasizing legibility for circulation.

Technical/Grading: Struck in copper, this 24mm coin typically exhibits variable strike quality. High points susceptible to wear include the raised elements of the heraldry, such as the chapter arms, and the lettering of the denomination and date. Due to 18th-century copper coinage production, planchets were often irregularly shaped or inconsistently struck, leading to areas of flatness or weakness even on well-preserved examples. Copper is also prone to environmental degradation, with corrosion and pitting impacting grade and surface integrity.