4 Maravedis - Charles and Joanna

发行方 Santo Domingo (1492-1821)
年份 1506-1516
类型 Standard circulation coin
面值 4 Maravedis (2⁄17)
货币 Real (1537-1822)
材质 Copper
重量 2.3 g
直径 25 mm
厚度
形状 Round (irregular)
制作工艺 Hammered
方向 Variable alignment ↺
雕刻师
流通至
参考资料 Cal#211
正面描述 Y crowned between F (Engraver) and value `4` all within a circular border. Legend around.
正面文字 Latin
正面铭文 CAROLVS ET IHOANA REGES
(Translation: Charles and Joan kings)
背面描述 II crowned between the Markmint `S P` within a circular border. Legend around.
背面文字 Latin
背面铭文 HISPANIARUM ET INDIARUM REGIS
(Translation: Reyes de Las Españas y de las Indias)
边缘 Smooth
铸币厂
铸造量 ND (1506-1516) - -
Numisquare 编号 2271710070
附加信息

Historical Context: This 4 Maravedis coin, issued under Charles and Joanna from Santo Domingo (1506-1516), marks a pivotal moment in New World numismatics. Joanna, Queen of Castile, and her son Charles (later Emperor Charles V) were the nominal rulers. Santo Domingo, the first permanent European settlement, operated the sole authorized mint for the Spanish colonies. These copper issues were crucial for daily commerce, representing the very first coinage struck in the Americas and facilitating economic stability in the burgeoning colonial enterprise.

Artistry: The design reflects European heraldry executed by local artisans in Santo Domingo. No specific engraver is recorded; dies likely utilized European models but exhibit a rustic, colonial quality. Typical designs feature the crowned initial 'C' for Charles and 'I' for Joanna, often with royal symbols like castles, lions, or the Pillars of Hercules. The stylistic school leans towards a simplified early Renaissance aesthetic, adapted to the practical limitations and nascent infrastructure of the colonial mint, resulting in a distinctive, albeit often crude, appearance.

Technical/Grading: Struck on crude copper planchets, these coins frequently display significant technical imperfections. High-points susceptible to wear include the crown details and raised elements of the initials or symbols. Due to primitive minting technology, examples often exhibit irregular flans, off-center strikes, weak or uneven impressions, and planchet imperfections such as laminations or cracks. Well-centered, fully struck examples are particularly desirable, given the inherent production challenges and the generally poor quality of surviving specimens.

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