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4 Macutas - Maria I
| Issuer | Angola |
|---|---|
| Year | 1789-1796 |
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| Shape | Round |
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| Obverse description | Crowned Portuguese royal coat of arms displayed centrally in the field, featuring the characteristic escutcheon with castles and quinas, surmounted by an ornate crown. The heraldic shield is rendered in fine detail within a milled border. The surrounding legend reads MARIA·I·D·G·REGINAE·PORT·ET·D·GUINEÆ·, identifying the issuing monarch as Queen Maria I of Portugal and Guinea, arranged in a continuous arc around the periphery. |
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| Obverse lettering | MARIA·I·D·G·REGINAE·PORT·ET·D·GUINEÆ· |
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| Additional information |
Angola's macuta coinage of this period existed because Portuguese colonial administrators needed a local currency system that could function independently of the metropolitan réis — trade with interior African merchants required denominations calibrated to regional exchange rates, not Lisbon's. Maria I's name appears on issues from a colonial economy built substantially on the slave trade, with Luanda serving as one of the busiest transshipment ports in the Atlantic world during these exact years.
The Gomes reference suffix variation (M1.05.0x) indicates this type exists in multiple die combinations, and collectors should verify the specific subtype before attribution.