4 Euro Queen Jelena Slavna

Croatia joined the eurozone on January 1, 2023, replacing the kuna after three decades of independence. The Croatian Mint's commemorative program has since navigated an unusual constraint: issuing euro-denominated collector pieces without a domestic minting facility capable of producing circulating coinage at scale, outsourcing standard production while retaining prestige issues in-house. Queen Jelena, a 10th-century Croatian ruler documented in a surviving inscription at Solin — one of the oldest preserved Croatian-language texts — has become a recurring figure in Croatian numismatic commemoration precisely because the inscription itself constitutes rare contemporary evidence of early medieval Croatian queenship.