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4 Cruzados 'L-IIII' - Filipe III
| Issuer | Portuguese Monarchy |
|---|---|
| Year | 1621-1640 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
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| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Mintage | ND (1621-1640) L - AG#F3 21.01 (PORTUGAE) - ND (1621-1640) L - AG#F3 22.01 (PORTUG, inv. `GG`) - ND (1621-1640) L - AG#F3 23.01 (PORTUGAL) - ND (1621-1640) L - AG#F3 23.02 (PORTUGALE) - ND (1621-1640) L - AG#F3 24.01 (REX missing) - |
| Additional information |
Filipe III of Portugal was simultaneously Felipe IV of Castile — the same monarch, two crowns, one treasury increasingly strained by the Thirty Years' War. The 'L-IIII' designation distinguishes the Lisbon mint issues within a reign defined by fiscal pressure and the creeping resentment that would explode in the 1640 Restoration revolt, which ended Iberian Union and made these coins the last gold cruzados struck under Habsburg authority in Portugal.
The four Gomes references reflect die and assayer mark variations across the nineteen-year issue window — a span long enough that the coins saw at least two different mint administrators.