The Yung Heng Provincial Bank of Kirin was one of the longer-lived provincial institutions in Manchuria, operating through the late Qing period and well into the Republic of China years. The 1913 date places this note in the immediate post-revolution period, when provincial banks continued issuing their own paper largely unchecked — Beijing's monetary authority over the northeastern provinces was nominal at best during these years.
The Kirin Forest Printing Office is an unusual attribution. Most provincial notes of this period were farmed out to more established commercial printers; in-province production of this kind typically resulted in inconsistent ink coverage and registration, which collectors should expect on surviving examples.
The Yung Heng Provincial Bank of Kirin was one of the longer-lived provincial institutions in Manchuria, operating through the late Qing period and well into the Republic of China years. The 1913 date places this note in the immediate post-revolution period, when provincial banks continued issuing their own paper largely unchecked — Beijing's monetary authority over the northeastern provinces was nominal at best during these years.
The Kirin Forest Printing Office is an unusual attribution. Most provincial notes of this period were farmed out to more established commercial printers; in-province production of this kind typically resulted in inconsistent ink coverage and registration, which collectors should expect on surviving examples.