3 Phan - Minh Mạng Thông Bảo, 1.2g

Minh Mạng, the second Nguyễn emperor, oversaw a dramatic centralization of Vietnamese administration and a corresponding expansion of the cash coin system inherited from earlier dynasties. The 3 Phan denomination sits at the fractional end of that system — small enough that these pieces circulated hard and were often poorly cared for, which makes clean survivors worth noting. The Toda and Hartill references place this type firmly within a well-documented but large series, where die workmanship varied considerably across the two decades of issue.