3 Mark - Otto 90th Birthday of Prince Regent Luitpold

This piece commemorates the 90th birthday of Prince Regent Luitpold, who governed Bavaria for nearly three decades without ever actually being king. His nephew Otto held the title but was confined to Fürstenried Palace, declared mentally unfit to rule in 1875 — years before Luitpold even assumed the regency in 1886. The Bavarian government never formally deposed Otto, a legal awkwardness that persisted until 1913, when Ludwig III finally had him declared incapable and took the throne outright. Luitpold died the same year this coin was struck, in December 1912, never having been crowned.