Catalog
| Issuer | Chur, Bishopric of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1554 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | 3 Kreuzer = 1 Groschen (1⁄30) |
| Currency | Groschen (1251-1565) |
| Composition | Silver |
| Weight | 1.83 g |
| Diameter | 21 mm |
| Thickness | |
| Shape | Round |
| Technique | |
| Orientation | |
| Engraver(s) | |
| In circulation to | |
| Reference(s) | HMZ 1#2-385a |
| Obverse description | Madonna and child above two shields and the last two digits of the year. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | |
| Obverse lettering | TOMAS * D * G * EPISCO * CVRI 54 |
| Reverse description | Crown above double-headed eagle, value in orb on chest. |
| Reverse script | |
| Reverse lettering | CAROLI * V * IMP ꜸG * P * F * DE |
| Edge | |
| Mint | |
| Mintage |
1554 - - |
| Numisquare ID | 7629182390 |
| Additional information |
Historical Context: The 1554 3 Kreutzers was issued by Bishop Thomas von Planta (1549-1565) of Chur. This mid-16th century period saw significant religious upheaval, with the Reformation challenging Catholic authority across the Holy Roman Empire. As an Imperial Estate controlling vital Alpine passes, Chur navigated complex political and religious landscapes. Issuing this silver denomination affirmed the Bishop's sovereign rights and autonomy amidst pressures to maintain the Catholic faith.
Artistry: The engraver, likely a local master, is unrecorded, but the coin exhibits late Gothic/early Renaissance elements common to regional Alpine mints. The obverse typically features a bust or armorial bearings of Bishop Thomas von Planta, often with miter and crozier, identifying the issuer. The reverse usually displays a cross, imperial eagle, or the denomination and date, reflecting a practical, regionally distinct aesthetic for circulating currency.
Technical/Grading: Struck in silver (1.83g, 21mm), this 3 Kreutzers often shows characteristics of manual striking. High-points for wear include the bishop's facial features or armorial crest on the obverse, and the eagle's head or central cross on the reverse. Technical qualities frequently include variable strike pressure, leading to flatness, and occasional off-centering. Planchet irregularities, such as minor cracks, are common for coinage of this period, impacting overall preservation.