3 Baiocchi

Historical Context: The 1849 3 Baiocchi coin was issued by the short-lived Roman Republic, a pivotal moment during the Italian Risorgimento. Formed after Pope Pius IX's flight, this republican government, led by figures like Giuseppe Mazzini, represented a fervent, brief aspiration for a unified, secular Italy. Its existence was fleeting, overthrown by French forces in July 1849, restoring papal rule. This copper issue serves as a tangible numismatic testament to a revolutionary ideal and a key chapter in Italy's struggle for nationhood.

Artistry: Reflecting republican ideals, the coin's design eschews traditional papal iconography for neoclassical symbolism. Specific engravers are often undocumented for minor denominations, but the style is characteristic of the Roman Mint's output. The obverse features "3 BAIOCCHI" and "1849" within a laurel wreath, encircled by "REPUBBLICA ROMANA". The reverse displays the Roman eagle, clutching a fasces, symbolizing unity and authority, with "DIO E POPOLO" (God and People) above. Its robust execution embodies the revolutionary spirit.

Technical/Grading: Struck in copper (25g, 37.5mm), this large module often exhibits variable strike quality. Key high-points susceptible to wear or weak strike include the eagle's head and feathers on the reverse, the fasces details, and the individual leaves of the obverse laurel wreath. The lettering "REPUBBLICA ROMANA" and "DIO E POPOLO" should be sharp. Collectors should seek full details and a clean planchet, free from common copper imperfections like laminations or porosity.