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25 Pesetas

Issuer Banco de España
Year 1874
Type Standard circulation banknote
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Reverse description Printed entirely in black, the reverse is composed of repeating renditions of the face value numeral and interlocking geometric guilloche patterns, which serve both as ornamental and anti-counterfeiting elements. The issuing bank name and denomination are set within the geometric underprint in a formal letterpress style. The overall design is austere and typographic, consistent with the security printing conventions of the 1870s.
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Protection description Number 25 (face value)
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Comments

Spain's first Republican government had collapsed and the Bourbon Restoration was already underway when this note entered circulation — Alfonso XII was proclaimed king in December 1874, the same year of issue. The Banco de España had only just been granted its monopoly on note issue that same year, consolidating what had previously been a fragmented system of regional banks of emission. This note is effectively the opening entry of the modern Spanish banknote series.

Domingo Martínez engraved the plates domestically, a deliberate choice at a moment when Spanish authorities were keen to establish credible sovereign printing infrastructure rather than outsource to London or Paris as so many contemporaries did.

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