25 Livres Turques

The Dette Publique Ottomane — the Ottoman Public Debt Administration — was a European-controlled financial body established in 1881 after the empire defaulted on its foreign loans. By 1917, with the empire deep in World War I and the treasury effectively bankrupt, it was issuing paper currency under Ottoman authority but within an institutional framework originally designed to protect European creditors, not Ottoman subjects.

Wartime inflation savaged confidence in these notes almost immediately. The series circulated alongside German-backed treasury bills and competing local scrip, and purchasing power eroded faster than new denominations could be introduced.