25 Céntimos Castellnou de Bages

Castellnou de Bages is a tiny municipality in the Bages comarca of Catalonia, and like hundreds of similar villages during the Spanish Civil War, it issued its own small-denomination paper currency when the Republican government's coin supply collapsed after 1936. The hoarding and melting of copper and silver coinage created an acute shortage of small change, forcing local councils across Catalonia, Valencia, and the Balearics to print their own fractional notes — a phenomenon documented in the thousands by Turró's catalogue.

The sole security feature was a municipal rubber stamp, easily forged and largely symbolic. Acceptance depended entirely on local trust, not technical safeguards.