25 Céntimos Cabezarados

Cabezarados is a village in the province of Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, with a population that hovered around a few hundred during the 1930s. The note exists because of a near-total collapse of small-denomination coinage circulation during the early Spanish Civil War — Republican-controlled municipalities across Spain, including the most obscure rural councils, were authorized to issue emergency fractional currency (known as *Guerra Civil* local issues) when the central supply of centimos simply dried up. A village council issuing its own scrip was not remarkable in 1937; thousands of municipalities did the same.

The Gari Montalban catalog remains the primary reference for these Valencian and Castilian municipal emissions. The thick card stock format was typical of the practical constraints these councils faced — no printing infrastructure, limited materials, official stamp as the only authentication.