25 Céntimos Alfarràs

Alfarràs is a small agricultural municipality in the Lleida province of Catalonia, and this 25 céntimos emergency note is typical of the thousands of local issues that flooded Spain between 1936 and 1939 when the Republican government's monetary system fragmented under the pressures of civil war. Copper and small silver coinage vanished almost immediately — hoarded, melted, or simply lost in the chaos — leaving villages with no practical medium for everyday small transactions.

The handstamp was the municipality's primary security measure, applied individually to each piece. At this size, the note blurs the line between paper money and cardboard token.