Catalog
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| Issuer | Royal Mint of Spain (Real Casa de la Moneda) |
|---|---|
| Year | 2003 |
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| Currency | Euro (2002-date) |
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| Reverse description | The central motif reproduces the allegorical sculptural group from the frontispiece of the Palace of the Congress of Deputies in Madrid, depicting a seated female figure personifying Spain embracing the Constitution, flanked by standing allegorical figures of Justice and Fortitude. The composition is executed in high relief against a polished field. The legend 'CONSTITUCIÓN ESPAÑOLA' arcs along the upper portion of the coin, with the years '1978' and '2003' and the denomination '200 EURO' inscribed in the lower field. |
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| Reverse lettering | CONSTITUCIÓN ESPAÑOLA 1978 2003 200 EURO (Translation: Spanish Constitution) |
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| Additional information |
Issued to mark twenty-five years since Spain's 1978 Constitution came into force — the document ratified by referendum on December 6th of that year, less than three years after Franco's death. The Constitution established Spain as a parliamentary monarchy and was the cornerstone of the Transición, the negotiated dismantling of Francoist institutions that brought the country into democratic Europe without the civil rupture many had feared.
Juan Carlos I's own role in that transition was decisive; his refusal to prop up the old regime surprised hardliners and earned him genuine political capital that lasted decades. The 23-F coup attempt of 1981 — when Civil Guard colonel Tejero seized the Cortes at gunpoint — was ultimately defeated in large part by the king's televised intervention ordering the military to stand down.