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The obverse is printed in black on white paper with a pale guilloche underprint. At left, a classical allegorical female figure is seated on a rocky plinth. The central area bears a large ornate guilloche rosette with a handwritten serial number in red, above a date line reading '1º Agosto de 1866.' To the right, a detailed vignette of a steam locomotive at a station platform with figures in attendance. The bold inscription 'EL BANCO ARGENTINO' appears in the central band, with the promise text 'Pagará á la vista y al portador VEINTE PESOS FUERTES en moneda de ley' below. Denomination panels marked 'XX' at lower left and '20' within a guilloche medallion at lower right, with 'VEINTE' repeated in the side borders and 'ROSARIO' at top centre. |
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The reverse is printed entirely in rose-pink, with an elaborate lathe-work guilloche design covering the full surface. Two large oval guilloche medallions at left and right each contain the numeral '20', while a central cartouche in ornate scrollwork bears the three-line inscription 'EL BANCO ARGENTINO ROSARIO'. A fine dotted border frames the entire note. |
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The Banco Argentino was one of several provincial commercial banks chartered in the Argentine Republic during the 1860s, operating out of Rosario at a moment when the city was emerging as a serious rival to Buenos Aires in trade and finance. The bank's notes were printed by the American Bank Note Company in New York — the dominant supplier to Latin American issuers throughout this period — and shipped south for local issue.
Provincial bank failures and currency fragmentation plagued Argentina through the late 1860s and into the 1870s, and many institutions of this type were short-lived. Surviving notes from the Banco Argentino are scarce, with most having been redeemed, cancelled, or simply lost in the disorder of successive monetary reorganizations.