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20 Marks

发行方 Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa (Polish State Loan Bank)
年份 1919
类型 Standard circulation banknote
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背面描述 The reverse is printed entirely in red on a dense guilloche underprint of scrollwork and foliate ornaments within a scalloped border. A crowned Polish eagle set in a shield occupies the upper centre. The series designation and serial number are printed in black at the upper left and right respectively. Two circular guilloche rosettes, each containing the white numeral 20, are positioned at the lower left and right. A central anti-counterfeiting warning text in Polish appears between the rosettes.
背面铭文 II Serja CR
KTO PODRABIA LUB FAŁSZUJE BILETY POLSKIEJ KRAJOWEJ KASY POŻYCZKOWEJ ALBO PUSZCZA W OBIEG LUB USIŁUJE PUŚCIĆ W OBIEG PODROBIONE LUB FAŁSZOWANE BILETY, PODLEGA KARZE CIĘŻKIEGO WIĘZIENIA
20
20
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The Polska Krajowa Kasa Pożyczkowa was not a Polish institution in origin — it was established in 1916 by the German occupation authorities as a vehicle to finance war expenditure and displace Russian ruble circulation in occupied Polish territory. When Poland regained independence in November 1918, the new state inherited the PKKP wholesale, continuing to issue its notes through 1919 and into 1920 simply because there was no alternative infrastructure yet in place.

The Pick 26 series ran to over twelve million pieces, reflecting the enormous demand pressure of a newly reconstituted state managing demobilization, border wars on three fronts, and rampant inflation simultaneously. The marka inflated catastrophically through this period — by 1923, the exchange rate against the US dollar had collapsed past 6,000,000 marks to the dollar, rendering notes like this one economically worthless before the złoty reform of 1924 extinguished the series entirely.

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