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20 Kreuzers - Charles Theodore Vicariat

Issuer Electorate of Palatinate
Year 1779-1793
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Draped bust of Elector Charles Theodore facing right, depicted in contemporary attire with lightly powdered flowing hair tied at the nape. The truncation of the bust reveals the mint mark 'AS' (Amberg) at the base. A continuous Latin legend encircles the effigy along the periphery, abbreviated from his full Electoral and Vicarial titles. The portrait is rendered in a refined late-Baroque style characteristic of late 18th-century German coinage.
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Edge Reeded
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Additional information

Charles Theodore held the Palatinate-Bavaria vicariate — the right to govern imperial territories and administer justice during an interregnum — a prerogative that came with the privilege of striking vicariat coinage. These issues were not everyday money but assertions of rank, minted to mark the constitutional moment when an Elector exercised quasi-imperial authority in the absence of a seated Emperor. The Holy Roman Empire saw two such interregnums during this window: the brief gap following the death of Maria Theresa's husband Francis I in 1765, and more consequentially, the death of Joseph II in 1790.

The 1790 interregnum lasted only weeks before Leopold II's election, but Charles Theodore's mint moved quickly.

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