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20 Kreuzers - Charles Frederick
| Issuer | Margraviate of Baden |
|---|---|
| Year | 1771-1774 |
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| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
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| Obverse description | Bare-headed bust of Margrave Charles Frederick of Baden facing right, with powdered wig tied at the nape in the late Baroque fashion, the truncation marked with the mintmaster's initials HW. The circumferential Latin legend reads CAROLUS FRID: D G MARCHIO BAD & H H, identifying the ruler as Charles Frederick by the Grace of God Margrave of Baden and Hochberg. The portrait is rendered in a refined neoclassical style characteristic of German princely coinage of the 1770s. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central shield bearing the diagonal diagonal-banded arms of Baden, surmounted by a princely coronet and flanked by two symmetrical sprays of laurel and palm branches tied at the base. The denomination numeral 20 appears at the bottom of the field beneath the shield. The surrounding Latin legend LX EINE FEINE MARCK denotes the Conventions standard of 60 pieces to the fine mark of silver, with the mint year and mintmaster's initial W completing the legend. The overall composition is formal and heraldic, consistent with south German convention coinage of the period. |
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| Additional information |
Charles Frederick of Baden was among the most administratively ambitious German princes of the eighteenth century — he abolished serfdom in Baden in 1783, over a decade before revolutionary France made the act fashionable. The 20 Kreuzer issues of 1771–1774 fall squarely within his early reform period, when Baden's finances were being restructured after the consolidation of Baden-Durlach following the extinction of the Baden-Baden line in 1771. That territorial merger is almost certainly what prompted a fresh coinage, establishing Charles Frederick's authority over newly unified lands.
Wielandt Bad.#730 is the standard reference for Baden regional coinage; discrepancies between Wielandt and KM attributions for this type are not uncommon and worth cross-checking against the specific date on the piece.