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20 Centavos
| Issuer | Commonwealth of the Philippines, Province of Negros Oriental, Bacolod |
|---|---|
| Year | 1942 |
| Type | Standard circulation banknote |
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| Obverse description | Plain cream paper wartime emergency issue printed by typeset letterpress in dark red-brown ink, with the denomination legend TWENTY CENTAVOS centred between numeral 20 value tablets at left and right. The authority inscription COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES / Province of Negros Oriental heads the note, followed by the issue date March 19, 1942, and a payment directive charging the sum against the account of the Provincial Treasurer of Negros Oriental with the Philippine National Bank, Bacolod Branch. Series number and countersignature line appear at lower left, with spaces for the Provincial Auditor and Provincial Treasurer signatures at lower right. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | COMMONWEALTH OF THE PHILIPPINES Province of Negros Oriental March 19, 1942 SERIES OF 1942 PAY TO BEARER ON DEMAND THE SUM OF 20 CENTAVOS TWENTY CENTAVOS (PHILIPPINE CURRENCY) 20 CENTAVOS AND CHARGE AGAINST THE ACCOUNT OF THE PROVINCIAL TREASURER OF NEGROS ORIENTAL WITH THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, BACOLOD BRANCH Series of 1942 Countersigned: Provincial Auditor Provincial Treasurer TO THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK, BACOLOD BRANCH |
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| Comments |
Negros Oriental was one of several Philippine provinces that issued its own emergency currency after the Japanese invasion cut off the supply of central bank notes in early 1942. These provincial guerrilla issues were produced under severe material constraints — paper stocks were improvised, printing equipment was whatever remained on hand, and security features were essentially nonexistent.
The Bacolod series is among the more documented of the Negros emergency notes, but forgeries and locally made facsimiles circulated alongside genuine examples during the occupation, making authentication of surviving specimens genuinely difficult. Condition issues specific to this type include brittleness from low-grade wartime paper and ink strike inconsistencies.
Pick S653 belongs to a wider family of Philippine provincial issues now actively collected as occupation-period emergency currency.